Synchronization system and synchronizing method for plurality of base stations and mobile station in a forward link wireless transmission

ABSTRACT

There is provided a radio communication system in which a mobile station which has decided to switch a base station can immediately be synchronized with the base station to which switching is to be made. Each of the base stations creates a synchronization signal for the mobile station to synchronize with the base station from an upstream pilot signal received from the mobile station, creates upstream propagation quality information from the upstream pilot signal, and creates a downstream control signal including the synchronization information and the upstream propagation quality information, and transmits them. The mobile stations creates an upstream pilot signal, transmits the signal, receives a signal including a downstream control signal from each of the base stations, extracts the upstream propagation quality and information on synchronization with the base stations from the received downstream control signal, and selects an optimal base station from the received upstream propagation quality as a new current base station. If the selected base station is different from the current base station, the transmission timing of the upstream pilot signal is modified to the transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the downstream control signal of the selected base station and transmitted.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to synchronization between a plurality of base stations and a mobile station in a wireless communication system using a wireless transmission method which requires synchronization between users in base station cells.

BACKGROUND ART

In a conventional wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a technique referred to as handover is used (For example, see Patent Document 1). In a conventional handover method, a mobile station measures received powers of signals received from the plurality of base stations. On the basis of the measurement results, a first base station providing a maximum received-power to the mobile station and a second base station providing the second highest received-power to the mobile station are selected. A condition is used as a trigger which causes the mobile station to switch the base station. The condition is that a received-power difference between the first and second base stations is smaller than a preset threshold value and time at which the difference is smaller than the threshold value is equal to or longer than set time set in advance. As a result, the mobile station can maintain high communication quality by switching between the base stations with reference to the received-power difference. Furthermore, only when the time at which the received-power difference is smaller than the threshold value is equal to or longer than the set time, the mobile station switches between the base stations. Therefore, a system load caused by switching between the base stations can be reduced.

A conventional handover process will be described below with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 1. First, reverse (downward) pilot signals are received from first to Nth base stations from which a mobile station receives signals, reverse propagation quality is measured (step S101). Next, a power difference between the first base station having the maximum received-power and the base station having the second highest received-power is calculated (step S102).

When the received-power difference between the first and second base stations is smaller than the threshold value set in advance (step S103), and it is determined that time at which the difference is smaller than the threshold value is equal to or longer than the set time set in advance (step S104), switching between the base stations is carried out (step S105).

On the other hand, a wireless transmission method which requires synchronization between users of base stations includes a method which performs synchronization by using Cyclic Prefixes to control a timing error between the users within a Cyclic Prefix so as to prevent interference between the users (For example, see Non-patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application National Publication (Laid-Open) No. 2003-500909 Non-patent Document 1: Variable Spreading and Chip Repetition Factors (VSCRF)—CDMA in Reverse Link for Broadband Packet Wireless Access, Y Goto, T Kawamura, H Atarashi, M Sawahashi, IEICE Commun., VOL. E88-B, NO. 2 February 2005 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

However, when a conventional handover method is applied to a wireless communication system using a wireless transmission method which requires synchronization between users in base station cells, delay occurs to obtain new synchronization in a non-serving base station serving as a handover destination. Furthermore, since a mobile station is synchronized with only a serving base station serving as a handover source, an error may be generated in measurement of reverse link receiving quality from the non-serving base station or forward link receiving quality in the non-serving base station.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wireless communication system and method using a wireless transmission method which requires synchronization between users in base station cells, wherein a mobile station can be synchronized with a switched base station the moment it is determined to switch base stations.

Means for Solving the Problem

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, wherein each of the base stations includes: means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; and means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and forward propagation quality information and transmitting, and the mobile station includes: means for generating and transmitting the forward pilot signal; means for receiving a signal including the reverse control signal from each of the base stations; means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station, from the received reverse control signal; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and means for changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.

With the above configuration, the serving base station and the non-serving base station estimate reception timings of a forward link on the base of the forward pilot signal and calculate information used to cause the mobile station to be synchronized with the base stations to notify the mobile station of the information. The moment the mobile station determines to switches the base station, the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station on the basis of the notification information.

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, the serving base station and the non-serving base station estimate reception timings of a forward link on the base of the forward pilot signal and calculate information used to cause the mobile station to be synchronized with the base stations to notify the mobile station of the information. The moment the mobile station determines to switches the base station, the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station on the basis of the notification information. Furthermore, the mobile station can transmits a forward link pilot signal used when the mobile station is synchronized with the serving base station by using the notification information. As a result, even in the non-serving base station, forward link receiving quality can be estimated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a process of a conventional mobile station;

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all base stations transmit reverse control signals to a mobile station;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all NSBSs directly transmit reverse control signals to an SBS;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all NSBSs transmit reverse control signals to an RNC;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all NSBSs directly transmit reverse control signals to an SBS;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all NSBSs transmit reverse control signals to an RNC;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for a case in which all NSBSs and an SBS transmit reverse control signals to an RNC;

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a base station according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing processes of the base station according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of a mobile station according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing processes of the mobile station according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of a base station according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing processes of the base station according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of a mobile station according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing processes of the mobile station according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of a base station according to a third embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing processes of the base station according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a functional block diagram of a mobile station according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing processes of the mobile station according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram of a base station according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a flow chart showing processes of the base station according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a functional block diagram of a mobile station according to the fourth embodiment; and

FIG. 23 is a flow chart showing processes of the mobile station according to the fourth embodiment.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   1001 Forward pilot signal separating unit -   1002 Trigger generating unit -   1003 Forward propagation quality information generating unit -   1004 synchronous information generating unit -   1005 reverse control signal generating unit -   1006 reverse control signal transmitting unit -   2001 reverse control signal separating unit -   2002 forward propagation quality information extracting unit -   2003 base station selecting unit -   2004 synchronous information extracting unit -   2005 transmission timing selecting unit -   2006 transmission timing setting unit -   2007 forward data signal generating unit -   2008 forward pilot signal generating unit -   2009 forward transmission signal generating unit

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A best mode of the present invention will be described below with reference to drawings.

1. A mobile station (MS: Mobile Station) transmits a forward pilot signal to a serving base station (SBS: Serving Base Station) serving as a handover source and a non-serving base station (NSBS: Non-Serving BS) except for the serving base station. The SBS and the NSBS estimate forward reception timings. The SBS and the NSBS generate transmission timings to the mobile station which the mobile station is synchronized with the SBS and the NSBS, as synchronization information. The SBS and the NSBS transmit reverse (downward) control signals including at least the synchronization information to the mobile station. The mobile station changes transmission timings of data and a forward pilot signal to a destination SBS to be synchronized with the destination SBS when SCs (Serving Cells) are switched. When the SCs are not switched, the mobile station changes the transmission timings of the data and the forward pilot signal to be synchronized with the SBS.

More specifically, the serving base station and the non-serving base station estimate a reception timing of a forward link on the basis of the forward pilot signal, calculate information used to cause the mobile station to be synchronized with the base stations to notify the mobile station of the information. On the basis of the notification information, an effect in that the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station the moment the mobile station determines to switch between the base stations can be obtained.

2. All the base stations transmit reverse control signals to the mobile station. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation (the mobile station selects the base station).

The effect obtained by the operation is the easiest method as a transmission method of reverse control information since the base station independently transmits a reverse control signal. Furthermore, a base station control device such as an RNC (Radio Network Controller) is not necessary.

3. All the NSBSs directly transmit reverse control signals to the SBS. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. The SBS transmits the reverse control signals of all the base stations to the mobile station at once (the mobile station selects the base station).

An effect obtained by the operation is that the mobile station is required only to receive the reverse control signal from the SBS because the reverse control signals are collected and transmitted to the mobile station at once by the SBS. Furthermore, a base station control device such as an RNC is not necessary.

4. All the NSBSs transmit reverse control signals to the RNC, and the RNC transmits the reverse control signals of all the NSBSs to the SBS. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. The SBS transmits the reverse control signals of all the base stations to the mobile station at once (the mobile station selects the base station).

An effect obtained by the operation is that the reverse control signals of the NSBSs are transmitted to the SBS with a cable through the RNC.

5. All the NSBSs directly transmit the reverse control signals to the SBS. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. The SBS selects a new SBS on the basis of the reverse control signals of all the base stations and notifies the mobile station of the reverse control signals of all the base stations (the SBS selects the base station).

An effect obtained by the operation is that the SBS is required to transmit only synchronization information to the MS as the reverse control signal because the SBS selects the base station. For this reason, an amount of information can be reduced in comparison with item 3.

6. All the NSBSs transmit reverse control signals to the RNC, and the RNC transmits the reverse control signals of all the NSBSs to the SBS. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. The SBS selects a new SBS on the basis of the reverse control signals of all the base stations and notifies the mobile station of the reverse control signals of all the base stations (the SBS selects the base station).

An effect obtained by the operation is that the SBS is required to transmit only synchronization information to the MS as a reverse control signal. For this reason, an amount of information can be reduced in comparison with item 4.

7. All the NSBSs and the SBS transmit the reverse control signals to the RNC, and the RNC selects a new SBS on the basis of the reverse control signals of all the base stations. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. The RNC transmits the reverse control signals of all the base stations to the newly selected SBS. The SBS notifies the mobile station of the reverse control signals of all the base stations (the RNC selects the base station).

An effect obtained by the operation is that the SBS is required to transmit only synchronization information to the MS as the reverse control signal because the RNC selects the base station. For this reason, an amount of information can be reduced in comparison with item 4.

A transmitting method of a forward pilot signal will be described below.

8. Forward pilot signals transmitted from the mobile station to the SBS and the NSBSs are the same forward pilot signals.

An effect obtained by the operation is that generation and transmission of the forward pilot signals are maximally easy because the same forward pilot signals are transmitted by all the base stations.

9. The mobile station changes a transmission timing of forward pilots to the NSBSs in accordance with the synchronization information of the SBS.

An effect obtained by the operation is that the forward pilot signals to the NSBSs do not interfere with the SBS because the forward pilot signals to the NSBSs are always synchronized with the SBS.

10. The mobile station changes a transmission timing of forward pilots to the NSBSs in accordance with the synchronization information of the NSBSs.

An effect obtained by the operation is that forward propagation quality obtained when the mobile station is synchronized with the NSBSs can be reliably estimated.

11. The base station is characterized by including a means for estimating forward propagation quality on the basis of the forward pilot signal and transmitting the forward propagation quality including the reverse control signal to the mobile station when the mobile station requires the forward propagation quality.

An effect obtained by the operation is that the mobile station can switch the base stations on the basis of the forward propagation quality.

A criterion for transmitting the reverse control signal will be described below. An effect obtained by the operation is that a transmission frequency of the reverse control signal is reduced by setting a criterion for transmitting the reverse control signal.

12. The SBS and the NSBS periodically transmit reverse control signals to the mobile station.

13. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. The SBS and the NSBS transmit the reverse control signals to the mobile station when the forward propagation quality exceeds a threshold value P.

14. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. The SBS transmits the reverse control signals of the SBS and the NSBS to the mobile station when the forward propagation quality in the NSBS exceeds the threshold value P.

15. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. The mobile station estimates reverse propagation quality and transmits request information as the forward control signal to the SBS when the reverse propagation quality exceeds the threshold value P. The SBS and the NSBS transmit the reverse control signals to the mobile station when request information is received.

16. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. The mobile station estimate the reverse propagation quality. When the reverse propagation quality corresponding to at least one base station exceeds a threshold value Q, the mobile station transmits request information which requests the reverse control signal of the base station corresponding to the reverse propagation quality exceeding the threshold value Q from the SBS to the SBS. The SBS receives the request information, and the SBS transmits reverse control signals corresponding to the base station corresponding to the request information to the mobile station at once.

A case in which transmission timings of forward pilot signals are not changed in units of NSBSs will be described below.

17. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. When any one of the base station and the mobile station determines to switch SCs, an NSBS (new SBS) having the new switched SC transmits a reverse control signal of the new SBS to the mobile station.

18. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signal of the SBS to the mobile station. When any one of the base station and the mobile station determines to switch SCs, the SBS transmits a reverse control signal of the new SBS to the mobile station.

A case in which transmission timings of forward pilot signals are changed in units of NSBS will be described below.

19. The SBS and the NSBS periodically transmit the reverse control signals to the mobile station. When any one of the base station and the mobile station determines to switch SCS, a new SBS transmits a reverse control signal of the new SBS to the mobile station.

20. The SBS periodically transmits the reverse control signals of the SBS and the NSBS to the mobile station. When any one of the base station and the mobile station determines to switch SCs, the SBS transmits the reverse control signal of the new SBS to the mobile station.

21. The mobile station determines to switch SCs and transmits a request of a reverse control signal as a forward control signal.

A method of improving the accuracy of synchronization information will be described below.

22. The mobile station increases at least one of a transmission frequency of a forward pilot signal, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power in NSBSs ranked in the top X of propagation quality. Increments are increased in a descending order of propagation quality.

An effect obtained by the operation is that synchronization accuracy to a base station which is probably switched to an SBS is improved.

23. The mobile station increases at least one of a transmission frequency of a forward pilot signal, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power in an NSBS the propagation quality of which exceeds a threshold value Y. Increments are increased in a descending order of propagation quality.

An effect obtained by the operation is that synchronization accuracy to a base station which is probably switched to an SBS is improved.

24. The mobile station increases at least one of a transmission frequency of a forward pilot signal, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power in NSBSs ranked in the bottom Z of propagation quality. Increments are increased in an ascending order of propagation quality.

An effect obtained by the operation is that synchronization accuracy to all the base stations is increased.

25. The mobile station increases at least one of a transmission frequency of a forward pilot signal, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power in an NSBS the propagation quality of which is equal to or less than a threshold value W. Increments are increased in an ascending order of propagation quality.

An effect obtained by the operation is that synchronization accuracy to all the base stations is increased.

Embodiment 1

A wireless communication system to which the present invention is applied is constituted by a plurality of base stations and at least one mobile station. In the following embodiment, to make it easy to understand a correspondence between the base stations and the mobile station, an explanation will be made on the assumption that first to Nth base stations and first to Mth mobile stations are used. For descriptive convenience, each of the first to Nth base stations must serve as any one of a serving as a serving base station (for a mobile station, the base station which communicates with the mobile station) or non-serving base station (for the mobile station, the base station which does not communicate with the mobile station) for each mobile station. However, the same first to Nth base stations do not always serve as serving base stations or non-serving base stations for all the mobile stations. It is assumed that a signal between an ath base station and an ith mobile station in a wireless communication system having N base stations is expressed as an ((i*N)+a)th signal to uniquely specify a signal between a specific base station and a specific mobile station. Reference symbol * is a symbol which means multiplication. The mobile stations, the base stations, and a base station control device realize functions (will be described below) by control programs stored in respectively memories.

In the first embodiment, a mobile station selects a base station, and a criterion for selecting a base station is forward propagation quality. Reverse (Downward) control signals to the moving station are transmitted by all the base stations, the transmission timing is determined by a periodic trigger. Information of the reverse control signal transmitted to the mobile station includes synchronization information of the base stations and forward propagation quality.

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of the first to Nth base stations in the first embodiment. A trigger generating unit 1002 periodically generates and outputs a trigger signal. A forward pilot signal separating unit 1001 separates and outputs a forward pilot signal from a signal received from an ith mobile station when a trigger signal is input. A forward propagation quality information generating unit 1003 calculates propagation quality of a forward link on the basis of a forward pilot signal and generates and outputs the propagation quality as forward propagation quality information. A synchronous information generating unit 1004 estimates a reception timing on the basis of a forward pilot signal and generates and outputs information corresponding to a transmission timing of the ith mobile station at which the ith mobile station is synchronized with the base station as synchronization information. A reverse control signal generating unit 1005 generates and outputs the forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information as reverse control information. A reverse control signal transmitting unit 1006 transmits the reverse control signal as a reverse transmission signal. A configuration which gives an output from the trigger generating unit to the reverse control signal transmitting unit to transmit the reverse control signal at the trigger timing can also be employed. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing processes of each of the base stations according to the embodiment. In this case, processes of an ath (a is an arbitrary natural number which is equal to or less than N) base station will be described below.

A periodic trigger generated by the base station in a predetermined cycle is monitored. When the trigger is detected (step S201), a reception timing in an ath base station is estimated on the basis of a pilot signal transmitted by an ith (i is a natural number which is equal to or less than M) mobile station, and ((i*N)+a)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the ath base station is generated (step S202). Forward propagation quality in the ath base station is estimated, ((i*N)+a)th forward propagation quality information is generated, the ((i*N)+a)th synchronization information and the ((i*N)+a)th forward propagation quality information are generated as an ((i*N)+a)th reverse control signal, and the ((i*N)+a)th reverse control signal is transmitted to the ith mobile station (step S203).

When the trigger is not detected, the processes are ended.

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of the first to Mth mobile stations according to the present embodiment. A reverse control signal separating unit 2001 extracts first to Nth control signals from reverse link signals transmitted by the first to Nth base stations and outputs the first to Nth control signals. A forward propagation quality information extracting unit 2002 extracts first to Nth pieces of forward propagation quality information from the first to Nth control signals and outputs the first to Nth pieces of forward propagation quality information. A base station selecting unit 2003 generates and outputs information indicating a base station corresponding to the maximum forward propagation quality as new base station selection information in the first to Nth pieces of forward propagation quality information. A synchronous information extracting unit 2004 extracts first to Nth pieces of synchronization information from the first to Nth control signals and outputs the first to Nth pieces of synchronization information. A transmission timing selecting unit 2005 selects synchronization information corresponding to new base station selection information from the first to Nth pieces of synchronization information and outputs the synchronization information as new base station synchronization information. A forward data signal generating unit 2007 generates and outputs a forward data signal. A forward pilot signal generating unit 2008 generates and outputs a forward pilot signal. A forward transmission signal generating unit 2009 generates and outputs a forward data signal and a forward pilot signal as forward transmission signals. A transmission timing setting unit 2006 transmits the forward transmission signal such that a transmission timing of the forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize the mobile station with a newly selected base station on the basis of the new base station synchronization information. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing processes of each of the mobile stations in the embodiment. In this case, the processes in the ith mobile station will be described below. However, it is assumed that the first to Mth mobile stations perform the processes along the same flow chart.

The ith mobile station receives ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals from the first to Nth base stations. First, ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information and ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of propagation quality information are separated from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, respectively (step S301).

An ith forward data signal and an ith forward pilot signal are generated, and the ith forward data signal and the ith forward pilot signal are generated as ith forward transmission signals (step S302).

((i*N)+j)th (j is a natural number which is equal to or less than N) forward propagation quality information corresponding to a serving base station, ((i*N)+1)th to ((j*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information corresponding to non-serving base stations, and ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information are compared with each other. When any one of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information exceeds the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information (step S304), on the basis of the maximum ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information, corresponding to an sth base station, in the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information, the ith forward transmission signal is transmitted such that a transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station (step S305). When the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information is equal to or higher than the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information (step S304), the ith forward transmission signal is transmitted such that the transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed on the basis of ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with a jth base station (step S306).

In this manner, according to the embodiment, when the base station determined to switch the base stations, the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station.

Embodiment 2

In a second embodiment, a serving base station selects a base station, and a criterion for selecting a base station is forward propagation quality. A reverse control signal to a mobile station is transmitted by the serving base station. When the transmission timing is a timing when the serving base station determines to switch base stations, information of a reverse control signal transmitted to the mobile station is synchronization information of a destination base station. When the transmission timing is a timing when a periodic trigger is detected, information of the reverse control signal transmitted to the mobile station is synchronization information of the serving base station.

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of first to Nth base stations according to the second embodiment. A forward pilot signal separating unit 1101 separates a forward pilot signal from a signal transmitted by an ith mobile station and outputs the forward pilot signal. A forward propagation quality information generating unit 1102 estimates propagation quality of a forward link on the basis of the forward pilot signal, and generates and outputs the propagation quality as forward propagation quality information. A synchronous information generating unit 1103 estimates a reception timing on the basis of the forward pilot signal and generates and outputs information corresponding to a transmission timing of the ith mobile station at which the ith mobile station is synchronized with the base station as synchronization information. A base station control signal generating unit 1104 of its own base station generates and outputs forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information as a base station control signal of its own base station. A base station operation switching unit 1105 switches operations depending on whether the own base station is a base station which is being connected with the mobile station. A base station control signal transmitting unit 1106 of its own base station transmits a base station control signal of its own base station as a base station control transmission signal of its own base station.

A trigger generating unit 1107 periodically generates a trigger signal. A base station reverse control signal transmitting unit 1108 of its own base station transmits the base station control signal of its own base station to the mobile station as a base station reverse control transmission signal of its own base station when the trigger signal is received. A base station control signal separating unit 1109 of its own base station separates forward propagation quality information and synchronization information from the base station control signal of its own base station and outputs the forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information. A non-serving base station control signal receiving unit 1110 separates and outputs control signals of all the non-serving base stations in signals received from all the non-serving base stations. A forward propagation quality information extracting unit 1111 separates and outputs forward propagation quality information in the control signal of the non-serving base station. A base station selecting unit 1112 selects an optimum base station on the basis of the pieces of forward propagation quality information of all the base stations and generates and outputs information representing the base station as optimum base station selection information. A synchronous information extracting unit 1113 separates and outputs synchronization information in a control signal of a non-serving base station. When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is different from the serving base station, a reverse control signal generating unit 1114 generates an outputs synchronization information corresponding to the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information as a reverse control signal. A multiplexing unit 1115 multiplexes the reverse control signal and the optimum base station selection information and transmits a multiplexed signal as the reverse transmission signal. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing processes of the first to Nth base stations according to the embodiment. Forward propagation quality in its own base station is estimated to generate forward propagation quality information. A reception timing in the own base station is estimated to generate synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the own base station. The forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information are generated as base station control information of its own base station (step S401). It is checked whether the own base station is a base station which is being connected to the mobile station. When the own base station is the base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S404. When the base station is a non-serving base station (NSBS) which is not being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S403 (step S402). The NSBS transmits control information of the own base station to the SBS (step S403).

A trigger signal periodically generated by the SBS is monitored by the SBS. When the SBS detects the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S405. When the SBS does not detect the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S406 (step S404). The SBS transmits control information of the own base station to the mobile station as a base station reverse control signal of its own base station (step S405). A control signal is received from the NSBS, and the forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information are separated and output (step S406). On the basis of pieces of forward propagation quality information of all the base stations, an optimum base station is selected, and information indicating an optimum base station is generated as optimum base station selection information (step S407). When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is different from the SBS, the control operation shifts to step S409. When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is the same as the SBS, the processes are ended (step S408). The base station connected to the mobile station is switched to the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information (step S409). The synchronization information corresponding to the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is generated as a reverse control signal. A signal obtained by multiplexing the reverse control signal and the optimum base station selection information is transmitted to the mobile station as a reverse transmission signal (S410).

The processes in the first to Nth base stations will be further described below such that the processes are divided into processes in the first to (j−1)th base stations serving as non-serving base stations which are handover destinations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations (j is a natural number which is N or less except for j) and processes in the jth base station serving as a serving base station which is a handover source.

In a sth (s is a natural number which is N or less) base station serving as a non-serving base station, a reception timing in the sth base station is estimated on the basis of a pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station is generated. Forward propagation quality in the sth base station is estimated to generate ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information, the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information and the ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information are generated as an ((i*N)+s)th reverse control signal and transmitted to the jth base station.

In the jth base station serving as a serving base station, the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th reverse control signals and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals respectively transmitted by the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations are received, and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of synchronization information, the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information, the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information, and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information are separately output.

On the basis of the pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, a reception timing in the jth base station is estimated, and ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the jth base station is generated. Forward propagation quality in the jth base station is estimated, ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information is generated, and the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information and the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information are generated as a ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal.

The jth forward propagation quality information corresponding to the serving base station is compared with the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information corresponding to the non-serving base stations, respectively. When the ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information which exceeds the jth forward propagation quality information is detected, base stations are switched, and information indicating the destination base station is generated.

Information indicating the destination base station and the first to Nth control signals are transmitted to the ith mobile station.

FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of the first to Mth mobile stations according to the embodiment. A selected base station information extracting unit 2101 extracts new base station selection information indicating a newly selected base station from a transmitted signal from the serving base station and outputs the new base station selection information. A reverse control signal extracting unit 2102 extracts reverse control signals of all the base stations from the transmitted signal from the serving base station and outputs the reverse control signals. A synchronous information extracting unit 2103 extracts pieces of synchronization information of all the base stations from the reverse control signals of all the base stations and outputs the pieces of synchronization information.

A forward data signal generating unit 2105 generates and outputs a forward data signal. A forward pilot signal generating unit 2106 generates and outputs a forward pilot signal. A forward transmission signal generating unit 2107 generates and outputs the forward data signal and the forward pilot signal as forward generating signals. A transmission timing setting unit 2104 transmits the forward generating signals such that a transmission timing is changed on the basis of the new base station selection information to synchronize the mobile station with a newly selected base station. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing processes in the first to Mth mobile stations according to the embodiment. Processes in the ith mobile station will be described below.

The ith mobile station receives information indicating a destination base station and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals from the jth base station. First, the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of propagation quality information are separated from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, respectively (step S501).

An ith forward data signal and an ith forward pilot signal are generated as ith forward transmission signals (step S502).

When the information indicating the destination base station changes the base station into the sth (s is a natural number which is N or less except for j) base station (step S503), the ith forward transmission signal is transmitted such that a transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed on the basis of the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station (step S504). When the information indicating the destination base station indicates the same base station as the jth base station serving as a serving base station (step S503), the transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the jth base station (step S505).

In this manner, according to the embodiment, when the mobile station determined to switch the base stations, the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station.

Embodiment 3

In a third embodiment, a mobile station selects a base station, and a criterion for selecting a base station is forward propagation quality. When a reverse control signal to a mobile station is transmitted by a base station having forward propagation quality exceeding a threshold value, a transmission timing of the reverse transmission signal is a timing when the forward propagation quality exceeds the threshold value, and information of the reverse transmission signal transmitted to the mobile station includes pieces of synchronization information of the base stations and forward propagation quality information. When the reverse transmission signal to the mobile station is transmitted by a serving base station (SBS), a transmission timing of the reverse transmission signal is a timing when a periodic trigger is detected, and information of the reverse transmission signal transmitted to the mobile station includes synchronization information of the serving base station and the forward propagation quality information.

FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of first to Nth base stations according to the third embodiment. A forward pilot signal separating unit 1201 separates a forward pilot signal from a signal transmitted by an ith mobile station and outputs the forward pilot signal. A forward propagation quality information generating unit 1202 estimates propagation quality of a forward link on the basis of the forward pilot signal, and generates and outputs the propagation quality as forward propagation quality information. A synchronous information generating unit 1203 estimates a reception timing on the basis of the forward pilot signal and generates and outputs information corresponding to a transmission timing of the ith mobile station at which the ith mobile station is synchronized with the base station as synchronization information. A base station control signal generating unit 1204 of its own base station generates and outputs forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information as a base station control signal of its own base station. A threshold comparing unit 1208 compares the forward propagation quality information with a threshold value. When the forward propagation quality information exceeds the threshold value, the threshold comparing unit 1208 generates and outputs a trigger signal. A reverse control signal transmitting unit 1209 transmits a base station control signal of its own base station to the mobile station as a reverse control signal when the reverse control signal transmitting unit 1209 receives the trigger signal. A base station operation switching unit 1205 switches operations depending on whether the own base station is a base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station.

A trigger generating unit 1206 periodically generates a trigger signal. A base station control signal transmitting unit 1207 of its own base station transmits the base station control signal of its own base station to the mobile station as a base station reverse control signal of its own base station when the trigger signal is received. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing processes of the first to Nth base stations according to the embodiment. A forward pilot signal transmitted by the mobile station to the own base station is separated from a reception signal. On the basis of the forward pilot signal, forward propagation quality is estimated and output as forward propagation quality information. On the basis of the forward pilot signal, a reception timing is estimated, and information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station is output as synchronization information. The forward propagation quality information and the synchronization information are output as reverse control information (step S601). It is checked whether the own base station is a base station which is being connected to the mobile station. When the own base station is the base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S603. When the base station is a base station (NSBS) which is not being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S605 (step S602). A trigger signal periodically generated by the SBS is monitored by the SBS. When the SBS detects the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S604. When the SBS does not detect the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S605 (step S603). The reverse control signal is transmitted to the mobile station (step S604). The forward propagation quality information and the threshold value are compared with each other. When the forward propagation quality exceeds the threshold value, the control operation shifts to step S606. When the forward propagation quality is equal to or less than the threshold value, the processes are ended (step S605). The reverse control signal is transmitted to the mobile station (step S606).

The processes in the first to Nth base stations will be further described below such that the processes are divided into processes in the first to (j−1)th base stations serving as non-serving base stations which are handover destinations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations (j is a natural number which is N or less) and processes in the jth base station serving as a serving base station which is a handover source.

In a sth (s is a natural number which is N or less except for j) base station serving as a non-serving base station, a reception timing in the sth base station is estimated on the basis of a pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station is generated. Forward propagation quality in the sth base station is estimated to generate ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information, the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information and the ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information are generated as an ((i*N)+s)th reverse control signal and transmitted to the jth base station.

In the jth base station serving as a serving base station, on the basis of the pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, the reception timing in the jth base station is estimated, and the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the jth base station is generated. Forward propagation quality in the jth base station is estimated, and ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information is generated. The ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information and the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information are generated as ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal.

The ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th reverse control signals and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals respectively transmitted by the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations are received, and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of synchronization information, the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information, the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information, and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information are separately output.

The non-serving base stations are sequentially selected one by one. When forward propagation quality indicated by the ((i*N)+s)th forward propagation quality information corresponding to the sth base station selected in the previous step exceeds a threshold value U, the ((i*N)+s)th reverse control signal corresponding to the sth base station is determined to be transmitted to the ith mobile station.

Even though the forward propagation quality is equal to or less than the threshold value U, when a trigger periodically generated is detected, the ((i*N)+s)th reverse control signal corresponding to the sth base station is determined to be transmitted to the ith mobile station.

When it is checked that all the non-serving base stations are selected, a reverse control signal corresponding to a determined non-serving base station is transmitted to the ith mobile station.

FIG. 18 is a functional block diagram of first to Mth mobile stations according to the embodiment. A reverse control signal separating unit 2201 separates and outputs all reverse control signals received from K (K is a natural number which is N or less) base stations. A forward propagation quality information extracting unit 2202 extracts first to Kth pieces of forward propagation quality information from the first to Kth reverse control signals and outputs the first to Kth pieces of forward propagation quality information. A base station selecting unit 2203 selects an optimum base station on the basis of the pieces of forward propagation quality information of all the base stations, and generates and outputs information indicating the base station as optimum base station selection information. A synchronous information extracting unit 2204 extracts first to Kth pieces of synchronization information from the first to Kth reverse control signals, respectively, and outputs the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information. A forward data signal generating unit 2206 generates and outputs a forward data signal. A forward pilot signal generating unit 2207 generates and outputs a forward pilot signal. A forward signal generating unit 2208 generates and outputs the forward data signal and the forward pilot signal.

A transmission timing setting unit 2205 changes a transmission timing of the forward data signal on the basis of new base station selection information to synchronize the mobile station with a base station corresponding to the new base station selection information. Transmission timings of the forward pilot signals transmitted to the base stations corresponding to the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information are changed to synchronize the mobile station with the base stations. With respect to base stations except for the base station indicated by the new base station selection information, transmission powers of forward pilot signals transmitted to base stations ranked in the top X (X is a natural number which is K or less) of forward propagation quality are set to be high in proportion to the forward propagation properties. The mobile station transmits the forward data signal to the base station corresponding to the new base station selection information and transmits the forward pilot signals to the base stations corresponding to the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information, respectively. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing processes in the first to Mth mobile stations according to the embodiment. The mobile stations receive first to Kth reverse control signals transmitted by K base stations. The first to Kth pieces of forward propagation quality information and the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information are separated from the first to Kth reverse control signals and output (step S701). A forward data signal and first to Kth forward pilot signals are generated and output as forward signals (step S702). On the basis of the first to Kth pieces of forward propagation quality information, an optimum base station is selected. Information indicating the optimum base station is generated as optimum base station selection information (step S703). When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is different from a base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step 705. The base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is the same as the SBS, the control operation shifts to step S706 (step S704).

On the basis of synchronization information corresponding to a newly selected base station, a transmission timing of the forward data signal is changed to synchronize the mobile station with the newly selected base station. On the basis of the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information, transmission timings of the first to Kth forward pilot signals are changed to synchronize the mobile station with the K base stations. In these pilot signals, transmission powers of forward pilot signals transmitted to base stations ranked in the top X (X is a natural number which is K or less) of forward propagation quality are set to be high in proportion to the forward propagation properties (step S705).

On the basis of synchronization information corresponding to a serving base station, a transmission timing of the forward data signal is changed to synchronize the mobile station with the serving base station. On the basis of the first to Kth pieces of synchronization information, transmission timings of the first to Kth forward pilot signals are changed to synchronize the mobile station with the K base stations. In these pilot signals, transmission powers of forward pilot signals transmitted to base stations ranked in the top X of forward propagation quality are set to be high in proportion to the forward propagation properties, the control operation shifts to step S707 (step S706). Forward transmission signals (the forward data signal and the first to Kth forward pilot signals) are transmitted (step S707).

The processes in the first to Mth mobile stations will be further described below by using the processes in the ith mobile station as an example. It is assumed that the first to Mth mobile stations perform the same processes.

((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th forward pilot signals and the ith forward data signal are generated. In step ST801, the ith mobile station receives the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals from the jth base station and separates the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of propagation quality information from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, respectively.

The ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information corresponding to the serving base station, the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information corresponding to the non-serving base station, and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information are compared with each other. When any one of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information exceeds the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information, on the basis of the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information corresponding to the sth base station having a maximum one of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information, a transmission timing of the ith forward data signal is changed to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station. When the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information is equal to or larger than the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)++1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information, on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information, a transmission timing of the ith forward data signal is changed to synchronize the ith mobile station with the jth base station.

On the basis of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information, transmission timings of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th forward pilot signals are changed to synchronize the mobile station with the first to Nth base stations. Furthermore, at least one of a transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and transmission powers of forward pilot signals transmitted to base stations ranked in the top X of ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information is set to increase in an ascending order of the forward propagation qualities, and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th forward pilot signals and the ith forward data signal are output as an ith forward transmission signal.

In this manner, according to the embodiment, when the mobile station determined to switch the base stations, the mobile station can be synchronized with the destination base station.

Embodiment 4

In a fourth embodiment, a mobile station selects a base station, and a criterion for selecting a base station is reverse propagation quality. When a reverse control signal to a mobile station is transmitted by a serving base station (SBS). A transmission timing of the reverse transmission signal is a timing when request information is received, information of the reverse control signal transmitted to the mobile station is synchronization information corresponding to the base station which makes the request. When the transmission timing is a timing when a periodic trigger is detected, the information of the reverse control signal transmitted to the mobile station is synchronization information of the serving base station.

FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram of first to Nth base stations according to the fourth embodiment. A reverse pilot signal separating unit 1301 generates and outputs a reverse pilot signal. A reverse pilot transmitting unit 1302 transmits the reverse pilot signal to the mobile station as a reverse pilot transmission signal. A forward pilot signal separating unit 1303 separates a forward pilot signal from a forward link signal transmitted by an ith mobile station and outputs the forward pilot signal. A synchronous information generating unit 1304 estimates a reception timing on the basis of the forward pilot signal and generates and outputs information corresponding to a transmission timing of the ith mobile station at which the ith mobile station is synchronized with the base station as synchronization information. A base station control signal generating unit 1305 of its own base station generates and outputs forward propagation quality information and synchronization information as a base station control signal of its own base station. A base station operation switching unit 1306 switches operations depending whether its own base station is a base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station. A base station control signal transmitting unit 1307 of its own base station transmits the base station control signal of its own base station as a base station control transmission signal of its own base station.

A trigger generating unit 1308 periodically generates and outputs a trigger signal. When the trigger signal is received, a base station reverse control signal transmitting unit 1309 of its own base station transmits the base station control signal of its own base station to the mobile station as a base station reverse control transmission signal of its own base station. A base station control signal separating unit 1311 of its own base station separates synchronization information from the base station control signal of the own base station and outputs the synchronization information. A request information separating unit 1310 separates request information from the forward link signal transmitted by the ith mobile station and outputs the request information. A non-serving base station control signal receiving unit 1312 separates and outputs a control signal for each of the non-serving base stations in signals received from all the non-serving base stations. A synchronous information extracting unit 1313 separates and outputs synchronization information in the control signal for the non-serving base station. A reverse control signal generating unit 1314 transmits synchronization information corresponding to the base station indicated by the request information to the ith mobile station as a reverse control signal. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 21 is a flow chart showing processes of the base stations according to the embodiment. A forward pilot signal transmitted by the mobile station to the own base station is separated from a reception signal.

On the basis of the forward pilot signal, a reception timing is estimated, and information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station is output as synchronization information. The synchronization information is output as a control signal for the own base station (step S801). It is checked whether the own base station is a base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station. When the own base station is the SBS, the control operation shifts to step S804. When the base station is a base station (NSBS) which is not being connected to the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S803 (step S802).

Control information of the own base station is transmitted to the SBS (step S803). A trigger signal periodically generated by the SBS is monitored by the SBS. When the SBS detects the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S805. When the SBS does not detect the trigger signal, the control operation shifts to step S806 (step S804). The control information for the own base station is transmitted to the mobile station as a base station reverse control signal of the own base station (step S805). A control signal is received from the NSBS, synchronization information is extracted and output. (S806) When request information is received from the mobile station, the control operation shifts to step S808. When no request information is received, the processes are ended (step S807). A control signal for the base station corresponding to the received request information is transmitted to the mobile station as a reverse control signal (step S808).

In this case, the processes in the processes in the first to Nth base stations will be further described by using processes in an ath (a is an arbitrary natural number which is N or less) base station as an example.

When request information which transmits a reverse control signal is received from an ith (i is a natural number which is M or less), on the basis of a pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, a reception timing in the ath base station is estimated, and ((i*N)+a)th synchronization information to synchronize the ith mobile station with the ath base station is generated as an ((i*N)+a)th reverse control signal. A ((i*N)+a)th reverse pilot signal transmitted by the ath base station to the ith mobile station is generated by the ath base station.

Thereafter, the ((i*N)+a)th reverse control signal and the ((i*N)+a)th reverse pilot signal are transmitted to the ith mobile station.

Even though the request information to transmit the reverse control signal is not received, a trigger periodically generated by the base station in a predetermined cycle is monitored. When the trigger is detected, the same processes as described above are performed, the ((i*N)+a)th reverse control signal and the ((i*N)+a)th reverse pilot signal are transmitted to the ith mobile station.

When the trigger is not detected, the processes in the ath base station are ended.

FIG. 22 is a functional block diagram of the first to Mth mobile stations according to the embodiment. A reverse pilot signal separating unit 2301 separates reverse pilot signals corresponding to all the base stations from a reception signal received by the mobile station and outputs the reverse pilot signal. A reverse propagation quality estimating unit 2302 estimates reverse propagation qualities of all the base stations on the basis of the reverse pilot signals and outputs reverse propagation quality information. A threshold comparing unit 2303 compares the reverse propagation qualities with a threshold value and outputs comparison results corresponding to all the base stations as threshold comparison information. When a request information transmitting unit 2304 confirms that at least one of the reverse propagation qualities exceeds the threshold value, the request information transmitting unit 2304 generates request information which requests the SBS to transmit reverse control signals corresponding to L (L is a natural number which is N or less) base stations the reverse propagation qualities of which exceed the threshold value to the mobile station, and transmits the request information to the SBS. An optimum base station selecting unit 2305 selects an optimum base station on the basis of the reverse propagation qualities (1 to N), and outputs information indicating the optimum base station as optimum base station selection information.

A nonperiodic reverse control signal separating unit 2306 separates the reverse control signal transmitted by the SBS on the basis of the request information from the reception signal received by the mobile station, and outputs the reverse control signal as a nonperiodic reverse control signal. A nonperiodic synchronous information extracting unit 2307 extracts nonperiodic synchronization information from the nonperiodic reverse control signal and outputs the nonperiodic synchronization information.

A periodic reverse control signal separating unit 2308 separates a reverse control signal periodically transmitted by the SBS from the reception signal received by the mobile station and outputs the reverse control signal as a periodic reverse control signal. A periodic synchronous signal extracting unit 2309 extracts synchronization information from the periodic reverse control signal and outputs the synchronization information as periodic synchronization information.

A forward data signal generating unit 2311 generates and outputs a forward data signal. A forward pilot signal generating unit 2312 generates and outputs a forward pilot signal. A forward signal generating unit 2313 generates and outputs the forward data signal and the forward pilot signal as forward signals.

When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is different from the serving base station, a transmission timing setting unit 2310 sets a transmission timing on the basis of the nonperiodic synchronization information corresponding to the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information. When the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information is the same as the serving base station, a transmission timing is set by using the latest information of the nonperiodic synchronization information corresponding to the base station indicated by the optimum base station selection information and the periodic synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the serving base station, and a forward transmission signal is transmitted. An antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and may also be configured to be switchably connected to a transmission signal and a reception signal.

FIG. 23 is a flow chart showing processes in the first to Mth mobile stations. A forward data signal and a forward pilot signal are generated and output as forward transmission signals (step S901). Reverse propagation quality corresponding to the base station is estimated (step S902). A reverse control signal of an SBS periodically transmitted by a base station (SBS) which is being connected to the mobile station is received, and synchronization information is separated and extracted (step S903). The reverse propagation quality is compared with a threshold value. When the reverse propagation quality corresponding to at least one of the base stations exceeds the threshold value, the control operation shifts to step S905. When the reverse propagation quality does not exceed the threshold value, the control operation shifts to step 910 (step S904).

Request information representing that all pieces of reverse control information corresponding to the base station the reverse propagation quality of which exceeds the threshold value are requested from the SBS is transmitted from the mobile station to the SBS (step S905). A reverse control signal corresponding to the request information is received, and synchronization information is separated and output (step S906). On the basis of the reverse propagation quality information, an optimum base station is selected. Information representing the optimum base station is generated as optimum base station selection information (step S907). When the base station represented by the optimum base station selection information is different from the SBS, the control operation shifts to step S909. When the base station represented by the optimum base station selection information is the same as the SBS, the control operation shifts to step S910 (step S908). A transmission timing of a forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize a base station connected to the mobile station with a newly selected base station, and the control operation shifts to step S911 (step S909). The transmission timing of the forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize the base station connected to the mobile station with the serving base station (step S910). The forward signals (forward data signal and forward pilot signal) are transmitted (step S911).

The processes in the first to Mth mobile stations will be further described below by using the processes in the ith mobile station as an example. It is assumed that the first to Mth mobile stations perform the same processes.

First, the ith mobile station receives ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals and ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse pilot signals from the first to Nth base stations and separates ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, respectively.

Next, an ith forward data signal and an ith forward pilot signal are generated as ith forward transmission signals.

On the basis of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse pilot signals, propagation qualities of reverse links corresponding to the first to Nth base stations are estimated, and ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information are generated.

The pieces of reverse propagation quality information are compared with a threshold value (D), and request information is generated and transmitted to the base station the reverse propagation quality information of which exceeds the threshold value (D) such that the reverse control signal is transmitted to the ith mobile station.

Then, ((i*N)+j)th (j is a natural number which is N or less) reverse propagation quality information corresponding to the serving base station, ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of reverse propagation quality information corresponding to the non-serving base station, and ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information are compared with each other, respectively. When any one of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of reverse propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information exceeds the ((i*N)+j)th reverse propagation quality information, on the basis of the ((i*N)+s)th synchronization information corresponding to an sth (s is a natural number which is N or less except for j) base station having a maximum one of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of reverse propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information, transmission is performed such that a transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize the ith mobile station with the sth base station. When the ((i*N)+j)th forward propagation quality information is equal to or larger than the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+(j−1))th pieces of forward propagation quality information and the ((i*N)+(j+1))th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information, on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information, transmission is performed such that the transmission timing of the ith forward transmission signal is changed to synchronize the ith mobile station with the jth base station.

In this manner, according to the embodiment, when the mobile station determines to switch the base stations, the mobile station can be synchronized with a destination base station. 

1. A wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, which comprises: each of the base stations including: means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; and means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and forward propagation quality information and transmitting, and the mobile station including: means for generating and transmitting the forward pilot signal; means for receiving a signal including the reverse control signal from each of the base stations; means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station, from the received reverse control signal; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and means for changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.
 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the reverse control signal is transmitted from each of the base stations to the mobile station.
 3. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the reverse control signal is transmitted to the mobile station through the serving base station.
 4. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, further comprising a base station control device, wherein the reverse control signal from a non-serving base station is relayed to the serving base station through the base station control device, and the serving base station transmits the reverse control signals from the base stations to the mobile station collectively.
 5. A wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, which comprises: each of the base stations including: means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; and means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal, each of the base stations further including: means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the serving base station when the base station is a non-serving base station, each of the base stations including: means for receiving the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station when the base station is a serving base station; means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station, from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated in its own base station; and means for transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station, to the mobile station, and the mobile station including: means for changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on synchronization information corresponding to the selected base station and transmitting when the base station represented by the information received from the serving base station, the information representing the selected base station, is different from the serving base station.
 6. The wireless communication system according to claim 5, wherein the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station is relayed to the serving base station through the base station control device, and the serving base station transmits reverse control signals from the base stations to the mobile station collectively.
 7. A wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, which comprises: each of the base stations including: means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; and means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the serving base station, the base station control device including: means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station, from the reverse control signal received from each of the base stations; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station on the basis of the extracted forward propagation quality information; and means for transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and the synchronization information to the selected base station, to the serving base station, each of the base stations including: means for receiving the information including the information representing the selected base station and the synchronization information to the selected base station from the base station control device and transmitting the information to the mobile station when the base station is a serving base station, and the mobile station including: means for changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the base station represented by the information received from the serving base station, the information representing the selected base station, is different from the serving base station.
 8. A mobile station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, which comprises: means for receiving a reverse control signal including synchronization information and forward propagation quality information, the reverse control signal being generated by each of the base stations; means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the received reverse control signal; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and means for changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.
 9. The mobile station according to claim 8, wherein the reverse control signal is received from each of the base stations by the mobile station.
 10. The mobile station according to claim 8, wherein the reverse control signal of a non-serving base station is received by the mobile station through the serving base station.
 11. A base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, which comprises means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station, and means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal, further comprises means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to a serving base station when the base station is a non-serving base station, and comprises, when the base station is a serving base station, means for receiving the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station, means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base stations, means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, and means for transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station.
 12. A base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, which comprises means for generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station, and means for generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal, further comprises means for generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the base station control device when the base station is a non-serving base station, and comprises, when the base station is a serving base station, means for receiving a reverse control signal from the non-serving base station from the base station control device, means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station, means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, and means for transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station.
 13. A base station control device in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, which comprises: means for extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from a reverse control signal received from each of the base stations; means for selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station on the basis of the extracted forward propagation quality information; and means for transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station, to the serving base station.
 14. A wireless communication method for a system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, each of the base stations comprising: the step of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; the step of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; and the step of generating and transmitting a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information, and the mobile station comprising: the step of generating and transmitting a forward pilot signal; the step of receiving a signal including the reverse control signal from each of the base stations; the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the received reverse control signal; the step of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and the step of changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.
 15. The wireless communication method according to claim 14, wherein the reverse control signal is transmitted from each of the base stations to the mobile station.
 16. The wireless communication method according to claim 14, wherein the reverse control signal is transmitted to the mobile station through the serving base station.
 17. The wireless communication method according to claim 14, wherein the reverse control signal from a non-serving base station is relayed to the serving base station through a base station control device, and the serving base station transmits the reverse control signals from the base stations to the mobile station collectively.
 18. A wireless communication method for a system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, each of the base stations comprising the step of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station, and the step of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal, each of the base stations further comprising the step of generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the serving base station when the base station is a non-serving base station, each of the base stations comprising, when the base station is the serving base station, the step of receiving a reverse control signal from the non-serving base station, the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station, the step of selecting an optimum base station as a serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, the step of transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station, and the mobile station comprising the step of changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on synchronization information corresponding to the selected base station and transmitting when the base station represented by the information received from the serving base station, the information representing the selected base station, is different from the serving base station.
 19. The wireless communication method according to claim 18, wherein the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station is relayed to the serving base station through the base station control device, and the serving base station transmits reverse control signals from the base stations to the mobile station collectively.
 20. A wireless communication method for a system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, each of the base stations comprising the step of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station, the step of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal, and the step of generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the serving base station, the base station control device comprising the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from each of the base stations, the step of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station on the basis of the extracted forward propagation quality information, and the step of transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the serving base station, each of the base stations comprising the step of receiving the information including the information representing the selected base station and the synchronization information to the selected base station from the base station control device and transmitting the information to the mobile station when the base station is the serving base station, and the mobile station comprising the step of changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the base station represented by the information received from the serving base station, the information representing the selected base station, is different from the serving base station.
 21. A wireless communication method for a mobile station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, comprising: the step of receiving a reverse control signal including synchronization information and forward propagation quality information, the reverse control signal being generated by each of the base stations; the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the received reverse control signal; the step of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and the step of changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.
 22. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the reverse control signal is received from each of the base stations by the mobile station.
 23. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the reverse control signal of a non-serving base station is received by the mobile station through the serving base station.
 24. A wireless communication method for a base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, comprising: the step of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; the step of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; the step of further generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to a serving base station when the base station is a non-serving base station; the step of receiving a reverse control signal from the non-serving base station when the base station is a serving station; the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base stations; the step of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station; and the step of transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station, to the mobile station.
 25. A wireless communication method for a base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, comprising: the step of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; the step of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; the step of further generating the reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the base station control device when the base station is a non-serving base station; and the steps of receiving the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station from the base station control device, extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station, selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, and transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station when the base station is a serving base station.
 26. A wireless communication method for a base station control device in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, comprising: the step of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from a reverse control signal received from each of the base stations; the step of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station on the basis of the extracted forward propagation quality information; and the step of transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the serving base station.
 27. A wireless communication control program for a mobile station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, the program causing a computer to realize: a function of receiving a reverse control signal including synchronization information and forward propagation quality information, the reverse control signal being generated by each of the base stations; a function of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the received reverse control signal; a function of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the received forward propagation quality; and a function of changing a transmission timing of the forward pilot signal to a transmission timing based on the synchronization information extracted from the reverse control signal of the selected base station and transmitting when the selected base station is different from the serving base station.
 28. A wireless communication control program for a base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, the program causing a computer to realize: a function of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; a function of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; a function of further generating a reverse control signal including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the base station when the base station is a non-serving base station; and functions of receiving the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station, extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station, selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, and transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station when the base station is a serving base station.
 29. A wireless communication control program for a base station in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, the program causing a computer to realize: a function of generating synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the base station from a forward pilot signal received from the mobile station; a function of generating forward propagation quality information from the forward pilot signal; a function of generating a reverse control signal further including the synchronization information and the forward propagation quality information and transmitting the reverse control signal to the base station control device when the base station is a non-serving base station; and functions of receiving the reverse control signal from the non-serving base station from the base station control device when the base station is a serving base station, extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from the reverse control signal received from the non-serving base station, selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station from the extracted forward propagation quality and the forward propagation quality information generated by its own base station, and transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the mobile station.
 30. A wireless communication control program for a base station control device in a wireless communication system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a mobile station, and a base station control device, the program causing a computer to realize: a function of extracting a forward propagation quality and the synchronization information with the base station from a reverse control signal received from each of the base stations; a function of selecting an optimum base station as a new serving base station on the basis of the extracted forward propagation quality information; and a function of transmitting information including information representing the selected base station and synchronization information to the selected base station to the serving base station.
 31. A wireless communication system constituted by first to Mth (M is a natural number) mobile stations and first to Nth base stations (N is an integer which is not less than 2), each of the first to Nth base stations comprising: synchronization information generating means for estimating a forward reception timing by using a forward pilot signal transmitted by an ith (i is a natural number which is not more than M) mobile station as an input, determining information to synchronize the ith mobile station with each of the first to Nth base stations on the basis of the forward reception timing of each of the first to Nth base stations, and generating and outputting the information as each of ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information; and reverse control signal generating means for generating and outputting each of ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals including at least each of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information by using each of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information as an input, and the ith mobile station comprising: the forward pilot signal generating means for generating and outputting the forward pilot signal; mobile station reception signal separating means for separating the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse transmission signals and outputting the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals by using a mobile station reception signal including the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse transmission signals as an input; reverse control signal separating means for extracting and outputting at least the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals respectively by using the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals as inputs; forward data signal generating means for generating and outputting an ith forward data signal transmitted to a jth (j is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station; and forward signal transmitting means for using the ith forward data signal, the forward pilot signal, and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information as inputs, changing transmission timings of the ith forward data signal and the forward pilot signal on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the jth base station, and transmitting.
 32. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Nth base stations transmit the first to Nth reverse control signals to the ith mobile station, respectively.
 33. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations which are not data destinations of the ith mobile station directly transmit the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the jth base station, respectively, and the jth base station transmits the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 34. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the wireless communication system has a base station control device directly connected to the first to Nth base stations, the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations directly transmit the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the base station control device, respectively, the base station control device directly transmits the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the jth base station, and the jth base station transmits the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 35. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations directly transmit the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the jth base station, respectively, the first to Nth base stations has base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, and the jth base station determines the kth base station on the basis of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, and transmitting an identification number of the kth base station and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 36. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the wireless communication system has a base station control device directly connected to the first to Nth base stations, the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations directly transmit the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the base station control device, respectively, the base station control device directly transmits the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals to the jth base station, the first to Nth base stations have base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of an ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the jth base station determines a kth base station on the basis of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, and transmits an identification number of the kth base station and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 37. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the wireless communication system has a base station control device directly connected to the first to Nth base stations, the first to Nth base stations directly transmits the first to Nth reverse control signals to the base station control device, respectively, and the base station control device has base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of an ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, determines the kth base station on the basis of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals, and transmits the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the kth mobile station, and the kth base station transmits an identification number of the kth base station and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 38. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein forward pilot signal generating means in the ith mobile station makes a forward pilot signal transmitted to the jth base station equal to forward pilot signals transmitted to the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations.
 39. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein forward pilot signal generating means in the ith mobile station, on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information included in the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal, changes and transmits a transmission timing of a forward pilot signal transmitted to the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations to synchronize the mobile station with the ((i*N)+j)th base station.
 40. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein forward pilot signal generating means in the ith mobile station, on the basis of the first to (j−1)th pieces of synchronization information and the (j+1)th to N pieces of synchronization information, respectively included in the first to (j−1)th reverse control signals and the (j+1)th to Nth reverse control signals, changes transmission timings of the forward pilot signals to be transmitted to the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations to synchronize the mobile station with the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations, respectively and transmits the forward pilot signals.
 41. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Nth base stations have forward propagation quality estimating means for estimating forward propagation qualities and outputting ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information, respectively, and the first to Nth base stations transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals including the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th forward propagation qualities to the ith mobile station, respectively.
 42. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Nth base stations periodically transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station, respectively.
 43. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, and when the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of forward propagation quality information exceed a threshold value P (P is a real number), the first to Nth base stations transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 44. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, when the first to (j−1)th pieces of forward propagation information and the (j+1)th to Nth pieces of forward propagation information in the first to (j−1)th base stations and the (j+1)th to Nth base stations exceed a threshold value P, the jth base station transmits the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station.
 45. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Nth base stations have reverse pilot transmitting means for transmitting the first to Nth reverse pilot signals, respectively, the ith mobile station has reverse propagation quality estimating means for estimating reverse propagation qualities by using the first to Nth reverse pilot signals as inputs and outputting ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information, and means for transmitting request information which requests the first to Nth base stations to transmit the reverse control signals, the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, when the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation information exceed a threshold value Q (Q is a real number), respectively, the ith mobile station transmits the request information to the first to Nth base stations, the first to Nth base stations receive the request information and transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station, and when the jth mobile station does not receive the request information, the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal is periodically transmitted to the ith mobile station.
 46. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Nth base stations have reverse pilot transmitting means for transmitting the first to Nth reverse pilot signals, respectively, the ith mobile station has reverse propagation quality estimating means for estimating reverse propagation qualities by using the first to Nth reverse pilot signals as inputs and outputting the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of reverse propagation quality information, and means for transmitting request information which requests the first to Nth base stations to transmit the reverse control signals, the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, when a reverse propagation quality corresponding to at least one base station exceeds a threshold value Q (Q is a real number), the ith mobile station transmits request information which requests a reverse control signal of the base station corresponding to the reverse propagation quality which exceeds the threshold value Q to the jth base station to the jth base station, the jth base station receives the request information, and the jth base station transmits the reverse control signal of the base station corresponding to the received request information to the ith mobile station.
 47. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations has base station selecting means for newly selecting kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, and when any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations newly selects the kth base station serving as the data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the kth base station transmits the ((i*N)+k)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station.
 48. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations has base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the jth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station at the present periodically transmits the ((i*N)+j)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station, and when any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations newly selects the kth base station serving as the data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the jth base station transmits the ((i*N)+k)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station.
 49. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations has base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the first to Nth base stations periodically transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station, respectively, and when any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations newly selects the kth base station serving as the data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the kth base station transmits the ((i*N)+k)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station.
 50. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations has base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth (k is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the first to Nth base stations periodically transmit the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals to the ith mobile station, respectively, and when any one of the first to Nth base stations and the first to Mth mobile stations newly selects the kth base station serving as the data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the jth base station transmits the ((i*N)+k)th reverse control signal to the ith mobile station.
 51. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein the first to Mth mobile stations have base station selecting means for newly selecting a kth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, and means for transmitting request information which requests the first to Nth base stations to transmit a reverse control signal, and when the ith mobile station newly selects the kth base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station from the first to Nth base stations, the ith mobile station transmits the request information to the first to Nth base stations.
 52. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein base stations ranked in the top X (X is a natural number which is not more than K) which the forward propagation quality or the reverse propagation quality is good, the base stations being except for the jth base station, comprise means for adding at least one of a transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power of the forward pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and increasing increment of the transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and the transmission power in an order which the forward propagation quality and the reverse propagation quality is high.
 53. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein a base station having the forward propagation quality or the reverse propagation quality of which exceeds a threshold value Y (Y is a real number), the base station being except for the jth base station, comprises means for adding at least one of a transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power of the forward pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and increasing increment of the transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and the transmission power in an order which the forward propagation quality and the reverse propagation quality is high.
 54. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein base stations ranked in the bottom Z (Z is a natural number which is not more than N) which the forward propagation quality or the reverse propagation quality is bad, the base stations being except for the jth base station, comprise means for adding at least one of a transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power of the forward pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and increasing increment of the transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and the transmission power in an order which the forward propagation quality and the reverse propagation quality is high.
 55. The wireless communication system according to claim 31, wherein a base station having the forward propagation quality or the reverse propagation quality of which is not more than a threshold value W (W is a real number), the base stations being except for the jth base station, comprises means for adding at least one of a transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and a transmission power of the forward pilot signal transmitted by the ith mobile station, and increasing increment of the transmission frequency, the number of repetitions of transmission, and the transmission power in an order which the forward propagation quality and the reverse propagation quality is high.
 56. A wireless communication method for a system constituted by first to Mth (M is a natural number) mobile stations and first to Nth (N is an integer which is not less than 2) base stations, wherein each of the first to Nth base stations includes: the step of estimating a forward reception timing by using a forward pilot signal transmitted by an ith (i is a natural number which is not more than M) mobile station as an input; determining information to synchronize the ith mobile station with each of the first to Nth base stations on the basis of the forward reception timings of each of the first to Nth base stations, and generating and outputting the information as each of ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information; and the step of generating and outputting each of ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals including at least each of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information by using each of the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information as an input, and the ith mobile station includes: the step of generating and outputting the forward pilot signal; the step of separating the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals and outputting the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals by using a mobile station reception signal including the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals as an input; the step of extracting at least the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information from the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals and outputting the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information respectively by using the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th reverse control signals as inputs; the step of generating and outputting an ith forward data signal transmitted to a jth (j is an integer which is not more than N) base station serving as a data destination of the ith mobile station; and the step of, by using the ith forward data signal, the forward pilot signal, and the ((i*N)+1)th to ((i*N)+N)th pieces of synchronization information as inputs, changing transmission timings of the ith forward data signal and the forward pilot signal on the basis of the ((i*N)+j)th synchronization information to synchronize the mobile station with the jth base station, and transmitting. 